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Reports
Realizing the Promise of African Agriculture
5. Impact-oriented Research
Institutional Arrangements
Reports
Order Print Report
Realizing the Promise of African Agriculture
Workshop reports and background papers on African Agriculture
5. Impact-oriented Research
Institutional Arrangements
Realizing the Promise and Potential of African Agriculture
Author
InterAcademy Council
Title
Realizing the Promise and Potential of African Agriculture
Release Date
30 June 2004
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Show Table of Contents
Institutional Arrangements
Search
African countries today typically have a complex array of institutions responsible for the planning, funding and conduct of agricultural research and the dissemination of technology options arising from it. These include national agricultural research institutions (NARIs), universities, international agricultural research centres (IARCs) and extension services, which historically have been publicly funded. In addition there is the private sector, farmer organizations, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and community-based organizations (CBOs) that are predominantly funded from private sources. The national agricultural research system (NARS) embodies this array, although the elements largely act independently of each other with a minimum of coordination.
Document Date:
June 30, 2004
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Show Table of Contents
Realizing the Promise and Potential of African Agriculture
 
Front Matter
 
Forward
 
Study Panel
 
Preface
 
Report Review
 
Acknowledgements
 
Executive Summary
 
Challenge of African Agriculture
 
Science & Technology Strategies
 
Institution Building
 
Producing New Agricultural Scientists
 
Enhancing Markets
 
New Science & Technology Pilot Programs
 
Promise & Potential of African Agriculture
 
1. Introduction
 
References
 
2. Food Security
 
References
 
3. Production Systems
 
Farming/Production Systems in Africa
 
Maize Mixed System
 
Cereal/Root Crop Mixed System
 
Root Crop System
 
Agro-pastoral Millet/Sorghum
 
Highland Perennial System
 
Forest-based System
 
Highland Temperate Mixed System
 
Pastoral Farming System
 
Tree Crop Based System
 
Commercial Largeholder & Smallholder System
 
Coastal Artisanal Fishing System
 
Irrigated Farming System
 
Sparse (Arid) System
 
Urban & Peri-urban Based System
 
Highland Mixed System
 
Rainfed Mixed System
 
Dryland Mixed System
 
Agricultural Productivity Trends
 
The Production Ecological Approach
 
Growth - & Yield - Defining Factors
 
Growth - & Yield - Limiting Factors
 
Growth - & Yield - Reducing Factors
 
Losses in Other Parts of the Production-market Chain
 
Prioritization of Farming Systems
 
Conclusions
 
References
 
4. Science and Technology
 
Production Developments and Constraints in Priority Systems
 
Yield Gaps and Constraining Factors
 
Rice
 
Maize
 
Sorghum and Millet
 
Root Crops
 
Animal Production
 
Fisheries
 
Crops Important to Africa
 
Adapting Technologies to Farmers' Needs
 
Integrated Approaches
 
Integrated Water Management
 
Integrated Nutrient Management
 
Integrated Pest and Disease Management
 
Breeding and Biotechnologies
 
Information Technology
 
Mechanizing Operations
 
Exploiting Post-harvest Opportunities
 
Improving Nutrition Through Agriculture
 
Broadening of Objectives and Diversified Systems
 
Advantages From a Production Ecological Perspective
 
Encouraging Achievements in Diversified Systems
 
Farming Systems
 
Conclusions
 
Recommendations
 
References
 
5. Impact-oriented Research
 
Institutional Arrangements
 
National
 
Regional
 
Continental
 
Agricultural Research Strategies and Policies
 
Advocacy and Leadership
 
Current NARS Reform Agenda
 
Role of Governments
 
Decentralization
 
Increased Stakeholder Participation
 
New Funding Mechanisms
 
Strengthening System Linkages
 
Encouraging Extension
 
Coordination Through an Integrated Systems Approach
 
Beyond Research to Knowledge and Innovation
 
Public-private Partnerships
 
Lead From Government
 
Exploiting Synergies
 
Effective Farmer Organizations
 
Agricultural R&D Investments
 
Financial and Human Capital Investments
 
Impact of Investments
 
Increasing Research Impact
 
Conclusions
 
Recommendations
 
References
 
6. New Agricultural Scientists
 
Science Education
 
Low Investment
 
Growth in Student Numbers
 
Funding Decline
 
Renewal
 
Linking Scientists in Universities and National Agricultural Research Institutes
 
Setting Up African-based Graduate Programs
 
Regional Approaches to Graduate Training
 
Sandwich Training and Other Innovations
 
Harnessing Information and Communications Technologies
 
Halting the 'Brain Drain'
 
Curricula
 
Balancing Domestic Investment and Foreign Assistance
 
Funding Higher Education
 
Developing an Agricultural Research Lobby
 
Conclusions
 
Recommendations
 
References
 
7. Markets and Policies
 
The Changing Context for National S&T Policies
 
Change in Agricultural Science
 
Globalization
 
Enhancing the Benefits From Research and Development
 
Urbanization, Expanding Markets and Trade Opportunities
 
Investing in Rural Infrastructure
 
Strengthening Producer Organizations
 
Investing in People and Institutions
 
Targeting Vulnerable Groups
 
Investing in Environmentally Sound Development Pathways
 
Good Governance
 
Investment Requirements to Improve Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa
 
Conclusions
 
Recommendations
 
References
 
8. Recommendations
 
1. Science and Technology Options That Can Make a Difference
 
2. Building Impact-oriented Research, Knowledge and Development Institutions
 
3. Creating and Retaining a New Generation of Agricultural Scientists
 
4. Markets and Policies to Make the Poor Income and Food Secure
 
5. Engaging Science and Technology for the Benefit of African Agriculture in the Near Term
 
Annex A. Priority Issues
 
Institutional Issues
 
The Policy Environment
 
Science and Technology Strategies
 
Annex B. Strategic Actions
 
Strategic Actions for National Governments
 
Strategic Actions for National Agricultural Research Systems and University Managers
 
Strategic Actions for the Private Sector
 
Strategic Actions for African Subregional Organizations
 
Strategic Actions for the Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa (FARA)
 
Strategic Actions for the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD)
 
Strategic Actions for International Agencies
 
Strategic Actions for OECD and Donor Countries
 
Strategic Actions for the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), International Agricultural Research Centres, and Advanced Research Institutes
 
Annex C. Biographies
 
Co-chairs
 
Panel Members
 
Study Director
 
Annex D. Glossary
 
Annex E. Abbreviations
 
Annex F. Boxes, Figures, & Tables
 
Boxes
 
Figures
 
Tables
 
PDF Downloads
 
Text-only Downloads
 
Workshop reports and background papers
 
Workshop Reports
 
Background Papers