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Reports
Realizing the Promise of African Agriculture
7. Markets and Policies
The Changing Context for National S&T Policies
Reports
Order Print Report
Realizing the Promise of African Agriculture
Workshop reports and background papers on African Agriculture
7. Markets and Policies
The Changing Context for National S&T Policies
Realizing the Promise and Potential of African Agriculture
Author
InterAcademy Council
Title
Realizing the Promise and Potential of African Agriculture
Release Date
30 June 2004
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Show Table of Contents
The Changing Context for National S&T Policies
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The context in which agricultural science and technology is undertaken is changing rapidly, and S&T policies must adapt appropriately.
Document Date:
June 30, 2004
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Show Table of Contents
Realizing the Promise and Potential of African Agriculture
Front Matter
Forward
Study Panel
Preface
Report Review
Acknowledgements
Executive Summary
Challenge of African Agriculture
Science & Technology Strategies
Institution Building
Producing New Agricultural Scientists
Enhancing Markets
New Science & Technology Pilot Programs
Promise & Potential of African Agriculture
1. Introduction
References
2. Food Security
References
3. Production Systems
Farming/Production Systems in Africa
Maize Mixed System
Cereal/Root Crop Mixed System
Root Crop System
Agro-pastoral Millet/Sorghum
Highland Perennial System
Forest-based System
Highland Temperate Mixed System
Pastoral Farming System
Tree Crop Based System
Commercial Largeholder & Smallholder System
Coastal Artisanal Fishing System
Irrigated Farming System
Sparse (Arid) System
Urban & Peri-urban Based System
Highland Mixed System
Rainfed Mixed System
Dryland Mixed System
Agricultural Productivity Trends
The Production Ecological Approach
Growth - & Yield - Defining Factors
Growth - & Yield - Limiting Factors
Growth - & Yield - Reducing Factors
Losses in Other Parts of the Production-market Chain
Prioritization of Farming Systems
Conclusions
References
4. Science and Technology
Production Developments and Constraints in Priority Systems
Yield Gaps and Constraining Factors
Rice
Maize
Sorghum and Millet
Root Crops
Animal Production
Fisheries
Crops Important to Africa
Adapting Technologies to Farmers' Needs
Integrated Approaches
Integrated Water Management
Integrated Nutrient Management
Integrated Pest and Disease Management
Breeding and Biotechnologies
Information Technology
Mechanizing Operations
Exploiting Post-harvest Opportunities
Improving Nutrition Through Agriculture
Broadening of Objectives and Diversified Systems
Advantages From a Production Ecological Perspective
Encouraging Achievements in Diversified Systems
Farming Systems
Conclusions
Recommendations
References
5. Impact-oriented Research
Institutional Arrangements
National
Regional
Continental
Agricultural Research Strategies and Policies
Advocacy and Leadership
Current NARS Reform Agenda
Role of Governments
Decentralization
Increased Stakeholder Participation
New Funding Mechanisms
Strengthening System Linkages
Encouraging Extension
Coordination Through an Integrated Systems Approach
Beyond Research to Knowledge and Innovation
Public-private Partnerships
Lead From Government
Exploiting Synergies
Effective Farmer Organizations
Agricultural R&D Investments
Financial and Human Capital Investments
Impact of Investments
Increasing Research Impact
Conclusions
Recommendations
References
6. New Agricultural Scientists
Science Education
Low Investment
Growth in Student Numbers
Funding Decline
Renewal
Linking Scientists in Universities and National Agricultural Research Institutes
Setting Up African-based Graduate Programs
Regional Approaches to Graduate Training
Sandwich Training and Other Innovations
Harnessing Information and Communications Technologies
Halting the 'Brain Drain'
Curricula
Balancing Domestic Investment and Foreign Assistance
Funding Higher Education
Developing an Agricultural Research Lobby
Conclusions
Recommendations
References
7. Markets and Policies
The Changing Context for National S&T Policies
Change in Agricultural Science
Globalization
Enhancing the Benefits From Research and Development
Urbanization, Expanding Markets and Trade Opportunities
Investing in Rural Infrastructure
Strengthening Producer Organizations
Investing in People and Institutions
Targeting Vulnerable Groups
Investing in Environmentally Sound Development Pathways
Good Governance
Investment Requirements to Improve Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa
Conclusions
Recommendations
References
8. Recommendations
1. Science and Technology Options That Can Make a Difference
2. Building Impact-oriented Research, Knowledge and Development Institutions
3. Creating and Retaining a New Generation of Agricultural Scientists
4. Markets and Policies to Make the Poor Income and Food Secure
5. Engaging Science and Technology for the Benefit of African Agriculture in the Near Term
Annex A. Priority Issues
Institutional Issues
The Policy Environment
Science and Technology Strategies
Annex B. Strategic Actions
Strategic Actions for National Governments
Strategic Actions for National Agricultural Research Systems and University Managers
Strategic Actions for the Private Sector
Strategic Actions for African Subregional Organizations
Strategic Actions for the Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa (FARA)
Strategic Actions for the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD)
Strategic Actions for International Agencies
Strategic Actions for OECD and Donor Countries
Strategic Actions for the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), International Agricultural Research Centres, and Advanced Research Institutes
Annex C. Biographies
Co-chairs
Panel Members
Study Director
Annex D. Glossary
Annex E. Abbreviations
Annex F. Boxes, Figures, & Tables
Boxes
Figures
Tables
PDF Downloads
Text-only Downloads
Workshop reports and background papers
Workshop Reports
Background Papers