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Inventing a Better Future
1. The urgency to promote worldwide science and technology capacity
2. Science, technology, and society
3. Expanding human resources
4. Creating world-class research institutions
4.1 Autonomous centers of excellence address local challenges
4.2 Strong universities are critical for expanding national S&T capacities
4.2 Recommendations
4.3 Virtual networks of excellence link the scientific talents of entire regions and the globe
4.4 National academies of sciences, engineering, and medicine can improve the quality of national S&Tprograms
5. Engaging the public and private sectors
6. Targeted funding of research and training efforts
7. From ideas to impacts: coalitions for effective action
Annex A: Endorsement InterAcademy Panel
Annex B: Agendas for major actors in building science and technology capacity
Annex C: Study panel biographies
Annex D: Glossary
Annex E: Acronyms and abbreviations
Annex F: Selected bibliography
Executive Summary
Front Matter
Notes

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4.2 Strong universities are critical for expanding national S&T capacities

Universities are absolutely essential to the development of countries' S&T capacities. They educate and train new generations of S&T talent, perform research and development on issues of importance to the nation, and provide an independent source of information on such topics as economic development, agriculture, health, and the environment. National governments in developing nations should make a clear, continued commitment to support and encourage advanced education and research activities within universities, in partnership with independent research institutes and industry. Without such an explicit national commitment to strengthen universities, critical mass in the country's science and technology simply cannot be achieved. (See Box 34 for a description of a major university in a developing nation that maintains several cutting-edge research programs.)

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