This farming system is situated in and extends from Sierra Leone to Benin, Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Nigeria and Togo. The area is bounded by and merges into the tree crop and forest-based farming systems on the southern, wetter side and into the cereal/root crop mixed farming system on the northern, drier side. Rainfall is either bimodal or nearly continuous, and risk of crop failure is low. As in the tree crop systems, fluctuating demand for industrial crops constitute an important source of vulnerability, as well as emerging soil fertility problems. Agricultural growth potential and poverty reduction potential are moderate; technologies for this system are not yet fully developed. Nonetheless, market prospects for export of oil palm products are attractive, urban demand for root crops is growing, and linkages between agriculture and off-farm activities are relatively well developed.

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