Figure 2.1
The nutritional challenge over the life cycle

Figure 3.1
African farming systems

Figure 3.2
Land productivity trends of the major commodities in Afrian farming systems

Figure 3.3
The relative impact of radiation, water, nitrogen and phosphorus on growth of annual grasses in the Sahel

Figure 3.4
Principles of production ecology and factors affecting growth and yield and food availability

Figure 3.5
Yields analyzed according to production ecological principles and under actual field conditions

Figure 3.6
Schematic relation between nutrient recovery and agro-ecological conditions

Figure 3.7
Trends in the use of fertilizers in farming systems in Africa

Figure 3.8
Characteristics of the priority systems

Figure 3.9A
Underweight densities and proposed hunger hotspots

Figure 3.9B
Hunger hotspots in major farming systems

Figure 3.9C
Population density 1995

Figure 3.9D
Soil constraints combined

Figure 3.9E
Soil texture constraints

Figure 3.9F
Soil fertility constraints

Figure 4.1
Changes in the total agricultural (crop plus livestock) production index number (PIN), agricultural land use (arable land, permanent crops and permanent pasture) and labour input in the four priority systems

Figure 4.2
Changes in the crop production index number (PIN), crop land use (arable land and permanent crops) and fertilizer use in the four priority systems

Figure 4.3
Changes in the livestock production index number (PIN) and non-crop land use (permanent pasture) in the four priority systems

Figure 4.4
Calculated potential (a) and water-limited (b) yields (tonnes per hectare)

Figure 4.5
Actual average cereal yields at the national level

Figure 5.1A-B
Distribution of African agricultural research capacity by FTE researchers and R&D expenditures

Figure 5.2
Agricultural priorities as reflected by the poverty reduction strategies of 24 African countries

Figure 5.3A-B
Total African agricultural R&D spending and staff by institutional category, 2000-2001

Figure 5.4
Trends in public spending by institutional category in selected African countries, 1971-2000

Figure 5.5A-D
Trends in public expenditures, researchers, and expenditures per researcher in selected African countries, 1971-2000

Figure 5.6
Share of female researchers in selected African countries, 2000

Figure 5.7
Africa's agricultural research intensity compared regionally and globally, 1995

Figure 5.8
Funding sources for national agricultural research in selected African countries, 2000

Figure 5.9
Cost-category shares in expenditures for the main agricultural research agencies in selected African countries, 2000

Figure 5.10A-B
Commodity focus of agricultural research expenditures in selected African countries, 2000

Figure 5.11
Modern variety diffusion by decade and region (percent area planted to modern varieties)